Arab-Islamic science & Scientists

Starting around 750 AD, s
Introduction

Starting around 750 AD, science flourished under the Abbasid caliphs of Baghdad, gradually spreading its influence as far west as Spain and eastwards into Central Asia, over a period of more than 600 years. By drawing on a variety of texts - Greek, Indian and Persian - and translating them into Arabic, the early scholars accumulated the greatest body of scientific knowledge in the world … and built on it through their own discoveries. Often, there was a practical Islamic relevance. Astronomy could be used to work out the direction of prayer. Mathematics was needed for dividing property according to the Islamic law of inheritance. Although science flourished under Arab-Islamic patronage, by no means all the important figures in science were Muslims, or even Arabs. The common factor, however, was the Arabic language, which for a time became the international language of science. It was only later, in the 12th and 13th centuries, when the Arabic works began to be translated into Latin, that such knowledge passed to the west.

[ VIDEO ] Cairo Citadel & Muhammad Ali Mosque .

Cairo Citadel .

Cairo Citadel Facts

The Cairo Citadel is located on Mokattam Hill in Cairo, Egypt. Originally it was built as a royal home and also as military barracks by the ruler Saladin. He decided that Cairo needed to be able to protect itself from any threat. By the time it was completed in 1182, Saladin was no longer the ruler of Egypt. When it was complete, Al Malek El Kamel was the ruler of Egypt and he was the first king to live in it. In the 1860s, Egypt's ruler Khedive Ismail moved out of the Citadel of Cairo into his own new castle. From then on the Citadel of Cairo was no longer used as the seat of government.

Interesting Cairo Citadel Facts:
The Citadel of Cairo was the home for the rulers of Egypt for 700 years.
The Citadel is a medieval Islamic fortification. It was built during the Ayyubid Dynasty.
The Citadel was built on hill to make it easy to see attackers and to make it more difficult for them to attack.
Construction of the Citadel began in 1176-1183 and it was completed in 1184.
The Citadel was supposed to be the centerpiece of a wall that was to be built to protect Cairo and Fustat from the Crusaders.
Saladin was the ruler of Egypt when construction of the Citadel began but when it was finished he was no longer king. The first king to live in the Citadel was Al Malek El Kamel.

Let's Have a tour in Khan El-Khalili Bazaars in Cairo .

Khan el-Khalili is a major bazzar in the Islamic district of Cairo devoted to souvenirs .
In addition to shops, there are several coffeehouses, restaurants, and street food vendors distributed throughout the market. The coffeeshops are generally small and quite traditional, serving Arabic coffee and usually offering shisha. The al-Hussein Mosqueis also in Khan el-Khalili, Al-Azhar Universityand its mosque are not far away.